How many countries are in Europe?

YearMaps maps 49 countries and territories in Europe: Germany, United Kingdom, France, Italy, Spain, Ukraine, Poland, Romania, Netherlands, Belgium, Czechia, Portugal, and others.

What is the largest country in Europe?

France is the largest by area at 643,801 km². Germany has the largest population, about 83.49 million.

What is the largest city in Europe?

Paris is the largest city recorded for Europe, with a metropolitan population of about 9.90 million.

What is the highest mountain in Europe?

Gora Shkhara is the highest summit recorded for Europe in YearMaps, at 5,200 m.

What is the largest lake in Europe?

Lake Saimaa is the largest lake recorded in Europe, at about 11,134 km².

What is the tallest dam in Europe?

Grande Dixence Dam is the tallest dam recorded in Europe, at 285 m.

Map of Europe — Countries, Cities & Geography

Interactive Map of Europe

3.0

About Europe

Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and Asia to the east. Europe shares the landmass of Eurasia with Asia, and of Afro-Eurasia with both Africa and Asia. Europe is commonly considered to be separated from Asia by the watershed of the Ural Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian Sea, the Greater Caucasus, the Black Sea, and the Turkish straits.

Europe covers approximately 10,186,000 square kilometres (3,933,000 sq mi), or 2% of Earth's surface (6.8% of Earth's land area), making it the second-smallest continent (using the seven-continent model). Politically, Europe is divided into about fifty sovereign states, of which Russia is the largest and most populous, spanning 39% of the continent and comprising 15% of its population. Europe had a total population of about 745 million (about 10% of the world population) in 2021; the third-largest after Asia and Africa. The European climate is affected by warm Atlantic currents, such as the Gulf Stream, which produce a temperate climate, tempering winters and summers, on much of the continent. Further from the sea, seasonal differences are more noticeable producing more continental climates.

The culture of Europe consists of a range of national and regional cultures, which form the central roots of the wider Western civilisation, and together commonly reference ancient Greece and ancient Rome, particularly through their Christian successors, as crucial and shared roots. Beginning with the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 CE, Christian consolidation of Europe in the wake of the Migration Period marked the European post-classical Middle Ages. The Italian Renaissance spread across many Western European countries, adapting to local contexts and giving rise to distinct national expressions. The renewed humanist emphasis on art and science was among the several factors that contributed to the broader transition to the modern era.

Summary adapted from Wikipedia: Europe (CC BY-SA 4.0).

Visiting Europe

Europe attracts more tourists than any other continent: over 600 million international visitors annually, more than half of the global market. Out of Earth's ten most visited countries, seven are in Europe, with good reason.

Europe has a cultural heritage dating back more than three millennia: the continent has seen the rise and fall of Ancient Greece and the Roman Empire, and birthed the Renaissance and the Industrial Revolution. Countless kingdoms, republics and empires have left archaeological sites and old towns galore, and the most magnificent cathedrals in the world for you to explore. Aside from history, Europe is the home of high culture, is renowned for its diverse cuisines, and is justly celebrated for its exciting and romantic cities.

Europe stretches from the shivering Arctic Ocean in the north, to the pleasantly warm subtropical Mediterranean Sea in the south, and contains a vast array of temperate climates and variety of landscapes in between.

Travel notes adapted from Wikivoyage: Europe (CC BY-SA 4.0).

Countries in Europe

Ranked by population. Each links to that country's own map.

Countries in Europe
#	Country	Population	Area	Capital
1	Germany	83.49 million	357,588 km²	Berlin
2	United Kingdom	69.49 million	242,495 km²	London
3	France	68.72 million	643,801 km²	Paris
4	Italy	58.92 million	302,068 km²	Rome
5	Spain	49.36 million	505,990 km²	Madrid
6	Ukraine	38.98 million	603,550 km²	Kyiv
7	Poland	36.44 million	312,683 km²	Warsaw
8	Romania	19.02 million	238,397 km²	Bucharest
9	Netherlands	18.09 million	42,201 km²	Amsterdam
10	Belgium	11.94 million	30,688 km²	Brussels
11	Czechia	10.89 million	78,871 km²	Prague
12	Portugal	10.80 million	92,225 km²	Lisbon
13	Sweden	10.60 million	447,425 km²	Stockholm
14	Greece	10.41 million	131,957 km²	Athens
15	Hungary	9.51 million	93,011 km²	Budapest
16	Austria	9.21 million	83,879 km²	Vienna
17	Switzerland	9.09 million	41,291 km²	Bern
18	Belarus	9.09 million	207,597 km²	Minsk
19	Serbia	6.55 million	88,499 km²	Belgrade
20	Bulgaria	6.43 million	110,994 km²	Sofia
21	Denmark	6.01 million	42,925 km²	Copenhagen
22	Finland	5.65 million	338,478 km²	Helsinki
23	Norway	5.61 million	385,207 km²	Oslo
24	Ireland	5.48 million	69,797 km²	Dublin
25	Slovakia	5.41 million	49,034 km²	Bratislava
26	Georgia	3.94 million	69,700 km²	Tbilisi
27	Croatia	3.88 million	56,594 km²	Zagreb
28	Bosnia and Herzegovina	3.14 million	51,209 km²	Sarajevo
29	Lithuania	2.89 million	65,300 km²	Vilnius
30	Moldova	2.36 million	33,844 km²	Chișinău
31	Albania	2.35 million	28,748 km²	Tirana
32	Slovenia	2.13 million	20,271 km²	Ljubljana
33	Latvia	1.85 million	64,594 km²	Riga
34	North Macedonia	1.82 million	25,713 km²	Skopje
35	Cyprus	1.37 million	9,242 km²	Nicosia
36	Estonia	1.37 million	45,335 km²	Tallinn
37	Luxembourg	686,970	2,593 km²	Luxembourg
38	Montenegro	623,129	13,883 km²	Podgorica
39	Malta	579,704	316 km²	Valletta
40	Iceland	392,404	103,004 km²	Reykjavík
41	Isle of Man	84,118	572 km²	Douglas
42	Andorra	82,904	468 km²	Andorra la Vella
43	Faroe Islands	54,900	1,399 km²	Tórshavn
44	Liechtenstein	41,024	160 km²	Vaduz
45	Gibraltar	40,126	7 km²	Gibraltar
46	Monaco	38,341	2 km²	Monaco
47	San Marino	34,109	61 km²	San Marino
48	Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands	2,905	61,399 km²	—
49	Vatican (Holy See)	882	—	Vatican City

Largest Cities in Europe

Top 15 of 807 recorded. Ranked by metropolitan population. A port city's harbour is written up on the page of its sea.

Largest Cities in Europe
#	Name	Population	Region	Role
1	Paris	9.90 million	Île-de-France	National capital
2	London	8.57 million	Westminster	National capital
3	Madrid	5.57 million	Comunidad de Madrid	National capital
4	Barcelona	4.92 million	Cataluña	Admin-1 capital
5	Berlin	3.41 million	Berlin	National capital
6	Rome	3.34 million	Lazio	National capital
7	Athens	3.24 million	Attiki	National capital
8	Milan	2.94 million	Lombardia	Admin-1 region capital
9	Stuttgart	2.94 million	Baden-Württemberg	Admin-1 capital
10	Frankfurt	2.90 million	Hessen	Populated place
11	Lisbon	2.81 million	Lisboa	National capital
12	Katowice	2.75 million	Silesian	Admin-1 capital
13	Kiev	2.71 million	Kiev	National capital
14	Vienna	2.40 million	Wien	National capital
15	Mannheim	2.36 million	Baden-Württemberg	Populated place

Highest Mountains in Europe

Top 15 of 89 recorded. Ranked by summit elevation above sea level. A summit on a border is listed under both countries.

Highest Mountains in Europe
#	Name	Elevation	Feet	Region
1	Gora Shkhara	5,200 m	17,060 ft	Europe
2	Mount Blanc	4,807 m	15,771 ft	Europe
3	Monte Rosa	4,634 m	15,203 ft	Europe
4	Gora Tebulosmta	4,494 m	14,744 ft	Europe
5	Matterhorn	4,478 m	14,692 ft	Europe
6	Finsteraarhorn	4,274 m	14,022 ft	Europe
7	Dombai-Ulgen	4,038 m	13,248 ft	Europe
8	Grossglockner	3,798 m	12,461 ft	Europe
9	Pico del Teide	3,718 m	12,198 ft	Africa
10	Mulhacén	3,479 m	11,414 ft	Europe
11	Pico de Aneto	3,404 m	11,168 ft	Europe
12	Monte Etna	3,322 m	10,899 ft	Europe
13	Piton des Neiges	3,069 m	10,069 ft	Seven seas (open ocean)
14	Zugspitze	2,963 m	9,721 ft	Europe
15	Pic de Coma Pedrosa	2,943 m	9,656 ft	Europe

Major Dams in Europe

Top 3 of 3 recorded. Ranked by structural height.

Major Dams in Europe
#	Name	Height	River	Capacity	Completed
1	Grande Dixence Dam	285 m	Dixence	2,069 MW	1965
2	Iron Gate I Dam	60 m	Danube	2,192 MW	1972
3	DneproGES (Dnipro HPP)	60 m	Dnieper	1,569 MW	1932

Largest Lakes in Europe

Top 15 of 70 recorded. Ranked by mapped surface area. A lake on a border is listed under each country it lies in, with the area of the whole lake.

Largest Lakes in Europe
#	Name	Surface Area	Type
1	Lake Saimaa	11,134 km²	Lake
2	Vänern	5,856 km²	Lake
3	Pijnne	4,189 km²	Lake
4	IJsselmeer	2,893 km²	Alkaline Lake
5	Lake Peipus	2,758 km²	Lake
6	Syvash	2,339 km²	Alkaline Lake
7	Kakhovka Reservoir	2,045 km²	Reservoir
8	Vättern	1,947 km²	Lake
9	Kremenchuk Reservoir	1,897 km²	Reservoir
10	Mälaren	1,806 km²	Lake
11	Inarijrvi	1,608 km²	Lake
12	Oulujarvi	1,210 km²	Reservoir
13	Pielinen	1,153 km²	Lake
14	Pyhjrvi	1,054 km²	Lake
15	Pskoyskoye Ozero	825 km²	Lake

Ports in Europe

Top 15 of 908 recorded. Ranked by approach channel depth, the figure that limits which ships can call. Harbours link to their write-up on the page of the sea or coast they lie on.

Ports in Europe
#	Name	Channel Depth	Class	Sea	Max Vessel
1	Barry	56.7 m	Minor	Irish Sea & Celtic Sea	medium vessels
2	King'S Lynn	56.7 m	Small	North Sea	medium vessels
3	Rochefort	56.7 m	Minor	Bay of Biscay & Atlantic Iberia	medium vessels
4	Bird Port	56.7 m	Very Small	Irish Sea & Celtic Sea	medium vessels
5	Chatham Docks	56.7 m	Small	North Sea	medium vessels
6	Colchester	56.7 m	Very Small	North Sea	medium vessels
7	Millport	56.7 m	Small	Irish Sea & Celtic Sea	point_of_interest
8	St Margarets Hope	56.7 m	Very Small	North Sea	point_of_interest
9	Budir	56.7 m	Very Small	Norwegian Sea & European Arctic	point_of_interest
10	Kantlax	56.7 m	Very Small	Baltic Sea	medium vessels
11	Lielupe	56.7 m	Very Small	Baltic Sea	medium vessels
12	Orth	56.7 m	Very Small	Baltic Sea	medium vessels
13	Kappeln	56.7 m	Very Small	Baltic Sea	medium vessels
14	Christianso Harbor	56.7 m	Very Small	Baltic Sea	medium vessels
15	Frederikssund	56.7 m	Very Small	Skagerrak & Kattegat	medium vessels

UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Europe

Top 15 of 451 recorded. Listed by year of inscription, earliest first. Sites shared with another country appear under each.

UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Europe
#	Name	Inscribed	Type	Criteria
1	Aachen Cathedral	1978	Cultural	(i) (ii) (iv) (vi)
2	Kraków Old Town	1978	Cultural	(iv)
3	Wieliczka and Bochnia Royal Salt Mines	1978	Cultural	(iv)
4	Auschwitz	1979	Cultural	(vi)
5	Białowieża Forest	1979	Natural	(ix) (x)
6	Boyana Church	1979	Cultural	(ii) (iii)
7	Bryggen	1979	Cultural	(iii)
8	Historical Complex of Split with the Palace of Diocletian	1979	Cultural	(ii) (iii) (iv)
9	Madara Rider	1979	Cultural	(i) (iii)
10	Mont-Saint-Michel and its Bay	1979	Cultural	(i) (iii) (vi)
11	Natural and Cultural Heritage of the Ohrid region	1979	Mixed	(i) (iii) (iv) (vii) (ix)
12	Natural and Culturo-Historical Region of Kotor	1979	Cultural	(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
13	Notre-Dame de Chartres	1979	Cultural	(i) (ii) (iv)
14	Old city (Dubrovnik)	1979	Cultural	(i) (iii) (iv)
15	Palace of Versailles	1979	Cultural	(i) (ii) (vi)

Largest Islands of Europe

Top 15 of 78 recorded. Ranked by mapped area. An island divided between countries is listed under each, with the area of the whole island.

Largest Islands of Europe
#	Name	Area	Type
1	British Isles	543,325 km²	Island group
2	Svalbard	283,881 km²	Island group
3	Great Britain	217,689 km²	Island
4	AçOres	200,619 km²	Island group
5	Iceland	182,961 km²	Island
6	Islas Canarias	110,211 km²	Island group
7	Ireland	83,066 km²	Island
8	Sardegna	41,679 km²	Island
9	Spitsbergen	38,337 km²	Island
10	Chagos Archipelago	35,114 km²	Island group
11	Balearic Islands	34,405 km²	Island group
12	Cyclades	26,035 km²	Island group
13	Sicilia	25,615 km²	Island
14	South Sandwich Islands	20,490 km²	Island group
15	Corse	16,391 km²	Island

Mountain Ranges, Deserts and Landforms of Europe

Top 15 of 75 recorded. Ranked by mapped area. Covers mountain ranges, deserts, plateaus, named glaciers, plains, basins, peninsulas and capes. One that crosses a border is listed under every country it lies in, with the area of the whole feature.

Mountain Ranges, Deserts and Landforms of Europe
#	Name	Area	Type	Region
1	South America	17.91M km²	Continent	South America
2	Europe	11.24M km²	Continent	Europe
3	Northern European Plain	774,604 km²	Plain	Europe
4	PeníNsula IbéRica	581,401 km²	Plateau	Europe
5	Guiana Shield	348,461 km²	Plateau	South America
6	Queen Maud Land	334,849 km²	Geoarea	Antarctica
7	Carpathian Mountains	220,248 km²	Range/mtn	Europe
8	KjøLen Mountains	220,083 km²	Range/mtn	Europe
9	Karelia	200,349 km²	Geoarea	Europe
10	BALKAN Peninsula	189,639 km²	Pen/cape	Europe
11	Alps	176,042 km²	Range/mtn	Europe
12	Central Russian Upland	165,976 km²	Plateau	Europe
13	Scandinavia	114,532 km²	Pen/cape	Europe
14	Pontic Steppe	102,190 km²	Plain	Europe
15	Alföld	100,263 km²	Plain	Europe

Europe: Quick Answers

How many countries are in Europe?: YearMaps maps 49 countries and territories in Europe: Germany, United Kingdom, France, Italy, Spain, Ukraine, Poland, Romania, Netherlands, Belgium, Czechia, Portugal, and others.
What is the largest country in Europe?: France is the largest by area at 643,801 km². Germany has the largest population, about 83.49 million.
What is the largest city in Europe?: Paris is the largest city recorded for Europe, with a metropolitan population of about 9.90 million.
What is the highest mountain in Europe?: Gora Shkhara is the highest summit recorded for Europe in YearMaps, at 5,200 m.
What is the largest lake in Europe?: Lake Saimaa is the largest lake recorded in Europe, at about 11,134 km².
What is the tallest dam in Europe?: Grande Dixence Dam is the tallest dam recorded in Europe, at 285 m.