Classical Antiquity147,253 km²
Atropatene
Atropatene, also known as Atropatia or Atropatian Media, was an ancient Iranian kingdom established in c.
- Active Epoch:
- 307 BCE – 165 BCE
- Imperial Capital:
- Ganzak
- Government:
Planetary Historical Sovereign Registry
Empires & Sovereign States
From ancient Sumerian city-states and Egypt to Rome, the Pax Mongolica, dynastic China, and global colonial realms, explore the territorial boundaries, administrative centers, and civilizational achievements of humanity’s historical sovereign polities.
Polities Indexed
1,612 Polities
Across 5 Continents
Largest Land Realm
24.0M km²
Mongol Empire
Largest Maritime Realm
35.5M km²
British Empire (1921)
Vector Attribution
Cliopatria
13,800+ dated border shapes · CC BY 4.0
Showing 60 of 60 superpowers
Epoch:
Industrial Era147,014 km²
Duchy of Warsaw
The Duchy of Warsaw was a French client state established by Napoleon Bonaparte in 1807, during the Napoleonic Wars.
- Active Epoch:
- 1809 CE – 1813 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Warsaw, Toruń
- Government:
Industrial Era146,979 km²
Republic of Suriname
Suriname, officially the Republic of Suriname, is a country on the northern coast of South America, also considered part of the Caribbean region.
- Active Epoch:
- 1976 CE – 2024 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Paramaribo
- Government:
Classical Antiquity145,995 km²
Jibei
The historiographical term "Eighteen Kingdoms", also translated as "Eighteen States", refers to the eighteen fengjian states in China created by military leader Xiang Yu in 206 BCE, after the collapse of the Qin dynasty.
- Active Epoch:
- 208 BCE – 204 BCE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
Industrial Era145,016 km²
Czechoslovakia
Czechoslovakia was a country in Central Europe.
- Active Epoch:
- 1919 CE – 1991 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Prague
- Government:
Industrial Era144,765 km²
People's Republic of Bangladesh
Bangladesh, officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia.
- Active Epoch:
- 1973 CE – 2024 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Dhaka
- Government:
Early Modern & Age of Discovery144,466 km²
Eastern Hungarian Kingdom
The Eastern Hungarian Kingdom is a modern term coined by some historians to designate the realm of John Zápolya and his son John Sigismund Zápolya, who contested the claims of the House of Habsburg to rule the Kingdom of Hungary from 1526 to 1570.
- Active Epoch:
- 1529 CE – 1571 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Buda
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages143,936 km²
Malaya
Malaya is mapped in the atlas for 1294 CE – 1351 CE, with a peak mapped extent of about 143,936 km².
- Active Epoch:
- 1294 CE – 1351 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Kuala Lumpur
- Government:
Early Middle Ages143,092 km²
Lavo Kingdom
The Lavo Kingdom was a mandala in the lower Chao Phraya basin from the 7th century until 1388.
- Active Epoch:
- 638 CE – 1394 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
Early Middle Ages143,044 km²
Haripuñjaya
Haripuñjaya, also spelled Haribhuñjaya, was an ancient Mon kingdom in what is now Northern Thailand, existing from the 7th or 8th to 13th century CE.
- Active Epoch:
- 661 CE – 1293 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Haripuñjaya
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages142,235 km²
Duchy of Sandomierz
The Duchy of Sandomierz was a district principality and a fiefdom of the Kingdom of Poland.
- Active Epoch:
- 1139 CE – 1304 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Sandomierz
- Government:
Industrial Era142,224 km²
Republic of Tajikistan
Tajikistan, officially the Republic of Tajikistan, is a landlocked country in Central Asia.
- Active Epoch:
- 1992 CE – 2024 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Dushanbe
- Government:
Early Middle Ages141,605 km²
Duchy of Aquitaine
The Duchy of Aquitaine was a historical fiefdom located in the western, central, and southern areas of present-day France, south of the river Loire.
- Active Epoch:
- 990 CE – 1439 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Toulouse
- Government:
Classical Antiquity141,123 km²
Anglo-Saxon England
Anglo-Saxon England or early medieval England covers the period from the end of the Roman Empire's rule in Roman Britain in the 5th century until the Norman Conquest in 1066.
- Active Epoch:
- 441 CE – 935 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
Classical Antiquity140,776 km²
Âu Lạc
Âu Lạc (chữ Hán: 甌貉 or 甌駱; pinyin: Ōu Luò; Wade–Giles: Wu1-lo4 Middle Chinese (ZS): *ʔəu-*lɑk̚ < Old Chinese *ʔô-râk) was a supposed polity that covered parts of modern-day Guangxi and northern Vietnam.
- Active Epoch:
- 256 BCE – 207 BCE
- Imperial Capital:
- Cổ Loa
- Government:
Industrial Era139,371 km²
Guayaquil Junta
Guayaquil Junta is mapped in the atlas for 1812 CE – 1813 CE, with a peak mapped extent of about 139,371 km².
- Active Epoch:
- 1812 CE – 1813 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
Industrial Era139,312 km²
Federation of Malaya
Malaya, officially the Federation of Malaya, was a country in Southeast Asia from 1948 to 1963.
- Active Epoch:
- 1958 CE – 1962 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Kuala Lumpur
- Government:
Classical Antiquity137,945 km²
Kalabhra Dynasty
The Kalabhra dynasty were rulers of all or parts of Tamil region sometime between the 3rd century and 6th century CE, after the ancient dynasties of the early Cholas, the early Pandyas and Chera.
- Active Epoch:
- 353 CE – 601 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Kaveripumpattinam
- Government:
Early Modern & Age of Discovery137,876 km²
Carnatic Sultanate
The Carnatic Sultanate, also known as Carnatic State or Arcot State, was a kingdom in southern India between about 1690 and 1855, ruled by a Muslim nawab under the legal purview of the Nizam of Hyderabad, until their demise.
- Active Epoch:
- 1713 CE – 1802 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Gingee
- Government:
Classical Antiquity137,607 km²
Antigonid Macedonia
Βασιλεία Μακεδόνων (Basileia Makedonōn)
Alexander the Great’s lightning twelve-year conquest from the Balkans to the Indus River, inaugurating the Hellenistic world across three continents.
- Active Epoch:
- 336 BCE – 323 BCE
- Imperial Capital:
- Pella, Babylon
- Government:
- Absolute Imperial Monarchy / Military Hegemony
Early Middle Ages135,053 km²
Former Jin
Jin, also known as Hedong (河東) and Former Jin (前晉) in Chinese historiography, was a dynastic state of China and the predecessor of the Later Tang dynasty.
- Active Epoch:
- 922 CE – 925 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Taiyuan
- Government:
Industrial Era134,617 km²
Sultanate of Hobyo
The Sultanate of Hobyo, also known as the Sultanate of Obbia, was a 19th-century Somali Sultanate in present-day central and northeastern Somalia, and eastern Ethiopia.
- Active Epoch:
- 1880 CE – 1894 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Hobyo
- Government:
Early Middle Ages134,483 km²
Viking settlements
Vikings were a seafaring people originally from Scandinavia, who from the late 8th to the late 11th centuries raided, pirated, traded, and settled throughout parts of Europe.
- Active Epoch:
- 793 CE – 1332 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
Bronze Age Civilizations134,155 km²
Hyksos
The Hyksos, in modern Egyptology, were the kings of the Fifteenth Dynasty of Egypt.
- Active Epoch:
- 1800 BCE – 1401 BCE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
Industrial Era133,104 km²
Free Orange State
The Orange Free State was a landlocked independent Boer republic in Southern Africa during the second half of the 19th century, which ceased to exist after it was defeated and surrendered to the British Empire at the end of the Second Boer War in 1902.
- Active Epoch:
- 1856 CE – 1899 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Bloemfontein
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages133,005 km²
Principality of Polotsky
Polotsk, or Polatsk, is a town in Vitebsk Region, Belarus.
- Active Epoch:
- 1056 CE – 1249 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
Industrial Era132,580 km²
Republic of Nicaragua
Nicaragua, officially the Republic of Nicaragua, is a country in Central America, comprising 130,370 square kilometers (50,340 sq mi).
- Active Epoch:
- 1840 CE – 2024 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Managua
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages132,428 km²
Galicia-Volhynia
The Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia, known as the Principality of Galicia–Volhynia before 1253, and also known as the Kingdom of Ruthenia or Kingdom of Rus', was a medieval state in Eastern Europe which existed from 1199 to 1349.
- Active Epoch:
- 1294 CE – 1351 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Volodymyr, Halych, Chełm,
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages131,583 km²
Kingdom of Kongo
The Kingdom of Kongo was a kingdom in Central Africa.
- Active Epoch:
- 1440 CE – 1669 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- São Salvador
- Government:
Bronze Age Civilizations131,488 km²
Gutian Dynasty
The Gutian dynasty was a line of kings, originating among the Gutian people.
- Active Epoch:
- 2100 BCE – 2001 BCE
- Imperial Capital:
- Adab
- Government:
Early Middle Ages131,303 km²
Kingdom of Neustria
Neustria was the western part of the Kingdom of the Franks during the Early Middle Ages, in contrast to the eastern Frankish sub-kingdom, Austrasia.
- Active Epoch:
- 724 CE – 731 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Soissons
- Government:
Classical Antiquity130,300 km²
Chámpa
Champa was a collection of independent Cham polities that extended across the coast of what is present-day central and southern Vietnam from approximately 2nd century AD until 1832.
- Active Epoch:
- 207 CE – 1652 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Kandapurpura
- Government:
Early Modern & Age of Discovery130,082 km²
Kingdom of Kartli
The Kingdom of Kartli was a late medieval and early modern monarchy in eastern Georgia, centred on the province of Kartli, with its capital at Tbilisi.
- Active Epoch:
- 1463 CE – 1705 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Tbilisi
- Government:
Bronze & Iron Age Civilizations129,744 km²
Qi
Qi, or Ch'i in Wade–Giles romanization, was a regional state of the Zhou dynasty in ancient China, whose rulers held titles of Hou (侯), then Gong (公), before declaring themselves independent Kings (王).
- Active Epoch:
- 750 BCE – 204 BCE
- Imperial Capital:
- Yingqiu
- Government:
Industrial Era129,479 km²
Democratic People's Republic of Korea
North Korea, officially the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), is a country in East Asia.
- Active Epoch:
- 1948 CE – 2024 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Pyongyang
- Government:
Classical Antiquity129,276 km²
Kalinga
Kalinga is mapped in the atlas for 318 BCE – 171 BCE, with a peak mapped extent of about 129,276 km².
- Active Epoch:
- 318 BCE – 171 BCE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
Early Middle Ages128,718 km²
Kingdom of Asturias
The Kingdom of Asturias was a medieval monarchy in the Iberian Peninsula founded by the nobleman Pelagius.
- Active Epoch:
- 724 CE – 925 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Cangas de Onís, San Martín del Rey Aurelio, Pravia, Oviedo
- Government:
Early Middle Ages128,568 km²
Duchy of Bohemia
The Duchy of Bohemia, also later referred to in English as the Czech Duchy, was a monarchy and a principality of the Holy Roman Empire in Central Europe during the Early and High Middle Ages.
- Active Epoch:
- 896 CE – 1002 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Prague
- Government:
Industrial Era128,406 km²
Kingdom of Sarawak
The Raj of Sarawak, Kingdom of Sarawak, or State of Sarawak, was a kingdom founded in 1841 in northwestern Borneo and was in a treaty of protection with the United Kingdom from 1888.
- Active Epoch:
- 1842 CE – 1946 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Kuching
- Government:
Classical Antiquity127,922 km²
Antigonid Dynasty
The Antigonid dynasty was a Macedonian Greek royal house which ruled the kingdom of Macedon during the Hellenistic period.
- Active Epoch:
- 291 BCE – 278 BCE
- Imperial Capital:
- Antigoneia
- Government:
Early Modern & Age of Discovery127,447 km²
Sultanate of Aceh
The Aceh Sultanate, officially the Kingdom of Aceh Darussalam, was a sultanate centered in the modern-day province of Aceh of Indonesia.
- Active Epoch:
- 1516 CE – 1959 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Kutaraja or Bandar Aceh Darussalam
- Government:
Industrial Era126,704 km²
State of Eritrea
Eritrea, officially the State of Eritrea, is a country in the Horn of Africa region of East Africa.
- Active Epoch:
- 1992 CE – 2024 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Asmara
- Government:
Early Modern & Age of Discovery126,354 km²
Don Cossacks
Don Cossacks or Donians, are Cossacks who settled along the middle and lower Don.
- Active Epoch:
- 1552 CE – 1641 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages126,172 km²
Zayyanid dynasty
The Zayyanid dynasty or Ziyanids or Abd al-Wadids was a Berber Zenata dynasty that ruled the Kingdom of Tlemcen, mainly in modern Algeria centered on the town of Tlemcen in northwest Algeria.
- Active Epoch:
- 1236 CE – 1555 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Tlemcen
- Government:
Classical Antiquity126,171 km²
Nabataeans
The Nabataeans, also spelled Nabateans, were an ancient Arab people who inhabited the southern Levant and northern Arabia.
- Active Epoch:
- 164 BCE – 105 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
Early Middle Ages124,986 km²
Wuyue
Wuyue was a dynastic state of China and one of the Ten Kingdoms during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period of Chinese history.
- Active Epoch:
- 911 CE – 979 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Qiantang
- Government:
Early Modern & Age of Discovery124,820 km²
Brandenburg-Prussia
Brandenburg–Prussia is the historiographic denomination for the early modern realm of the Brandenburgian House of Hohenzollern between 1618 and 1701.
- Active Epoch:
- 1619 CE – 1720 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Berlin and Königsberg
- Government:
Industrial Era124,490 km²
Communist Cuba
Cuba, officially the Republic of Cuba, is an island country in the Caribbean.
- Active Epoch:
- 1960 CE – 2024 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Havana
- Government:
Industrial Era123,918 km²
Republic of Cuba
Cuba, officially the Republic of Cuba, is an island country in the Caribbean.
- Active Epoch:
- 1905 CE – 1959 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Havana
- Government:
Classical Antiquity123,780 km²
Alodia
Alodia, also known as Alwa, was a medieval kingdom in what is now central Sudan.
- Active Epoch:
- 347 CE – 1506 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Soba
- Government:
Industrial Era123,711 km²
Greek junta
The Greek junta or Regime of the Colonels was a right-wing military junta that ruled Greece from 1967 to 1974.
- Active Epoch:
- 1967 CE – 1975 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Athens
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages123,233 km²
Sind-Samma Dynasty
The Samma dynasty was a medieval Sindhi Muslim dynasty based in Sindh.
- Active Epoch:
- 1344 CE – 1525 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Samanagar
- Government:
Classical Antiquity122,343 km²
Laomedon
Laomedon was a Greek military commander, native of Mytilene and son of Larichus.
- Active Epoch:
- 323 BCE – 319 BCE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
Early Middle Ages122,313 km²
Bavarians
Bavarians are an ethnographic group of Germans native to Bavaria, a state in Germany.
- Active Epoch:
- 540 CE – 787 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
Industrial Era122,017 km²
Kingdom of Greece
The Kingdom of Greece was the Greek state established in 1832 by the Treaty of Constantinople, which formally recognised Greece as an independent state and established it as a monarchy, following the Greek War of Independence.
- Active Epoch:
- 1945 CE – 1966 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Nafplio
- Government:
Industrial Era122,017 km²
Third Hellenic Republic
The Third Hellenic Republic is the period in modern Greek history that stretches from 1974, with the fall of the Greek military junta and the final confirmation of the abolition of the Greek monarchy, to the present day.
- Active Epoch:
- 1976 CE – 2024 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Athens
- Government:
Early Middle Ages121,944 km²
Min
Min is mapped in the atlas for 911 CE – 946 CE, with a peak mapped extent of about 121,944 km².
- Active Epoch:
- 911 CE – 946 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages121,796 km²
Duchy of Silesia
The Duchy of Silesia with its capital at Wrocław was a medieval provincial duchy of Poland located in the region of Silesia.
- Active Epoch:
- 1139 CE – 1304 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Wrocław
- Government:
Early Modern & Age of Discovery121,481 km²
Yarubid dynasty
The Yarubid dynasty were rulers of Oman between 1624 and 1742, holding the title of Imam.
- Active Epoch:
- 1626 CE – 1743 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages121,451 km²
Ifat Sultanate
The Sultanate of Ifat, known as Wafāt or Awfāt in Arabic texts, or the Kingdom of Zeila was a medieval Sunni Muslim state in the eastern regions of the Horn of Africa between the late 13th century and early 15th century.
- Active Epoch:
- 1285 CE – 1414 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Wafāt
- Government:
🏛️
No Superpowers Match Filter
Try clearing search terms or selecting another epoch filter button above.