Bronze Age Civilizations189,149 km²
Mitanni
Mitanni or Mittani, earlier called Ḫabigalbat in old Babylonian texts, c.
- Active Epoch:
- 1500 BCE – 1241 BCE
- Imperial Capital:
- Washukanni
- Government:
Planetary Historical Sovereign Registry
Empires & Sovereign States
From ancient Sumerian city-states and Egypt to Rome, the Pax Mongolica, dynastic China, and global colonial realms, explore the territorial boundaries, administrative centers, and civilizational achievements of humanity’s historical sovereign polities.
Polities Indexed
1,612 Polities
Across 5 Continents
Largest Land Realm
24.0M km²
Mongol Empire
Largest Maritime Realm
35.5M km²
British Empire (1921)
Vector Attribution
Cliopatria
13,800+ dated border shapes · CC BY 4.0
Showing 60 of 60 superpowers
Epoch:
Classical Antiquity188,597 km²
Yue
Yue, also known as Yuyue, was a state in ancient China which existed during the first millennium BC – the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods of China's Zhou dynasty – in the modern provinces of Zhejiang, Shanghai and Jiangsu.
- Active Epoch:
- 500 BCE – 334 BCE
- Imperial Capital:
- Kuaiji, later Wu
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages188,420 km²
Principality of Galicia-Volhynia
The Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia, known as the Principality of Galicia–Volhynia before 1253, and also known as the Kingdom of Ruthenia or Kingdom of Rus', was a medieval state in Eastern Europe which existed from 1199 to 1349.
- Active Epoch:
- 1202 CE – 1240 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Volodymyr, Halych, Chełm,
- Government:
Bronze & Iron Age Civilizations188,102 km²
Phrygia
In classical antiquity, Phrygia was a civilization and kingdom in the west-central part of Anatolia, in what is now Asian Turkey, centered on the Sangarios River.
- Active Epoch:
- 900 BCE – 676 BCE
- Imperial Capital:
- Gordion
- Government:
Industrial Era187,923 km²
Second Syrian Republic
The Second Syrian Republic, officially the Syrian Republic from 1950 to 1958 and the Syrian Arab Republic from 1961 to 1963, succeeded the First Syrian Republic, which had become de facto independent from the French Mandate in April 1946.
- Active Epoch:
- 1946 CE – 1957 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Damascus
- Government:
Industrial Era187,923 km²
Republic of Syria
Syria, officially the Syrian Arab Republic, is a country in West Asia located in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Levant.
- Active Epoch:
- 1961 CE – 1962 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Damascus
- Government:
Industrial Era187,923 km²
Ba'athist Syria
Syria, officially the Syrian Arab Republic, is a country in West Asia located in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Levant.
- Active Epoch:
- 1963 CE – 1966 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Damascus
- Government:
Early Middle Ages187,745 km²
Later Mayan City-States
The Maya civilization was a Mesoamerican civilization that existed from antiquity to the early modern period.
- Active Epoch:
- 850 CE – 1546 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
Classical Antiquity187,257 km²
Southern Xiongnu
The Xiongnu were a tribal confederation of nomadic peoples who, according to ancient Chinese sources, inhabited the eastern Eurasian Steppe from the 3rd century BC to the late 1st century AD.
- Active Epoch:
- 51 CE – 105 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Longcheng
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages186,880 km²
Serbian Empire
The Serbian Empire was a medieval Serbian state that emerged from the Kingdom of Serbia.
- Active Epoch:
- 1352 CE – 1458 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Prizren, Skopje, Serres
- Government:
Early Modern & Age of Discovery186,800 km²
Ashanti Empire
The Asante Empire, also known as the Ashanti Empire, was an Akan state that lasted from 1701 to 1902, in what is now modern-day Ghana.
- Active Epoch:
- 1702 CE – 1897 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Kumasi
- Government:
Industrial Era186,752 km²
Syria
Syria, officially the Syrian Arab Republic, is a country in West Asia located in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Levant.
- Active Epoch:
- 1973 CE – 2024 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Damascus
- Government:
Industrial Era186,286 km²
Democratic Republic of Vietnam
The Democratic Republic of Vietnam was a country in Southeast Asia from 1945 to 1976, with sovereignty recognized in July 1954, after which it became commonly known as North Vietnam.
- Active Epoch:
- 1956 CE – 1975 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Hanoi
- Government:
Industrial Era185,909 km²
Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party
The Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region, officially the Syrian Regional Branch, was a Ba'athist organisation founded on 7 April 1947 by Michel Aflaq, Salah al-Din al-Bitar and followers of Zaki al-Arsuzi.
- Active Epoch:
- 1967 CE – 1972 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
Industrial Era185,340 km²
Omani Slave Coast
Omanis are the nationals of Sultanate of Oman, located in the southeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula.
- Active Epoch:
- 1814 CE – 1855 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
Industrial Era184,307 km²
Kingdom of Cambodia
Cambodia, officially the Kingdom of Cambodia, is a country in Mainland Southeast Asia.
- Active Epoch:
- 1956 CE – 2024 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Phnom Penh
- Government:
Industrial Era184,307 km²
Khmer Rouge
Khmer Rouge is the name that was popularly given to members of the Communist Party of Kampuchea (CPK), and by extension to Democratic Kampuchea, which ruled Cambodia between 1975 and 1979.
- Active Epoch:
- 1976 CE – 1978 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
Industrial Era184,307 km²
People's Republic of Kampuchea
The People's Republic of Kampuchea (PRK) was a partially recognised state in Southeast Asia which existed from 1979 to 1992.
- Active Epoch:
- 1979 CE – 1995 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Phnom Penh
- Government:
Early Middle Ages183,796 km²
Land Chenla
Chenla or Zhenla is the Chinese designation for the vassal of the kingdom of Funan preceding the Khmer Empire that existed from around the late 6th to the early 9th century in Indochina.
- Active Epoch:
- 718 CE – 805 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Shrestapura, Isanapura, Sambhupura
- Government:
Industrial Era182,006 km²
Kashmir and Jammu
Kashmir and Jammu is mapped in the atlas for 1846 CE – 1947 CE, with a peak mapped extent of about 182,006 km².
- Active Epoch:
- 1846 CE – 1947 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Srinagar, Jammu
- Government:
Industrial Era181,353 km²
North Yemen
North Yemen is a term used to describe the Kingdom of Yemen (1918–1962), the Yemen Arab Republic (1962–1990), and the regimes that preceded them and exercised sovereignty over that region of Yemen.
- Active Epoch:
- 1919 CE – 1989 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Sanaa
- Government:
Industrial Era180,733 km²
Oriental Republic of Uruguay
Uruguay, officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay, is a country in southeastern South America.
- Active Epoch:
- 1828 CE – 2024 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Montevideo
- Government:
Industrial Era180,020 km²
Republic of Vietnam
The Republic of Vietnam, commonly known as South Vietnam, was a country in Southeast Asia that existed from 1955 to 1975.
- Active Epoch:
- 1956 CE – 1975 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Saigon
- Government:
Classical Antiquity176,124 km²
Ankhwennefer
Ankhwennefer, also known as Ankhmakis/Ankhmakhis, Ankhonnophris, or Harmakhis, was the successor of Horwennefer, a rebel ruler who controlled much of Upper Egypt during the reigns of Ptolemies IV and V.
- Active Epoch:
- 197 BCE – 171 BCE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
Classical Antiquity176,006 km²
Kingdom of Pergamon
The Kingdom of Pergamon, Pergamene Kingdom, or Attalid kingdom was a Greek state during the Hellenistic period that ruled much of the Western part of Asia Minor from its capital city of Pergamon.
- Active Epoch:
- 279 BCE – 127 BCE
- Imperial Capital:
- Pergamon,
- Government:
Early Modern & Age of Discovery175,318 km²
Kalmyk Khanate
The Kalmyk Khanate was an Oirat Mongol khanate on the Eurasian steppe.
- Active Epoch:
- 1632 CE – 1771 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Ayuka Khan's residence
- Government:
Early Middle Ages174,993 km²
Utpala Dynasty
The Utpala Dynasty was a medieval Kashmiri Hindu dynasty that ruled over Kashmir from the 9th to 10th centuries.
- Active Epoch:
- 960 CE – 1002 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Avantipur
- Government:
Industrial Era174,011 km²
Hungarian Republic
Hungary is a landlocked country in Central Europe.
- Active Epoch:
- 1919 CE – 1943 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Budapest
- Government:
Early Modern & Age of Discovery172,608 km²
Vientiane
Vientiane is the capital and largest city of Laos.
- Active Epoch:
- 1709 CE – 1827 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages172,519 km²
Khanate of Kazan
The Khanate of Kazan, also called the Kazan Khanate, was a Tatar state on the Middle Volga, in the territory of the former Volga Bulgaria, from the mid-15th century until 1552.
- Active Epoch:
- 1440 CE – 1551 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Kazan
- Government:
Early Middle Ages171,828 km²
County of Ribagorza
The County of Ribagorza or Ribagorça was a medieval county on the southern side of the Pyrenees, including the northeast of modern Aragón and part of the northwest of modern Catalonia, both in Spain.
- Active Epoch:
- 866 CE – 1084 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Benabarre
- Government:
Industrial Era171,194 km²
Principality of Bulgaria
The Principality of Bulgaria was a vassal state under the suzerainty of the Ottoman Empire.
- Active Epoch:
- 1880 CE – 1944 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Plovdiv,
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages170,554 km²
Kingdom of Bohemia
The Kingdom of Bohemia, or just Bohemia sometimes referenced in English literature as the Czech Kingdom, was a medieval and early modern monarchy in Central Europe.
- Active Epoch:
- 1202 CE – 1528 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Prague
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages166,473 km²
Duchy of Masovia
The Duchy of Masovia was a district principality and a fiefdom of the Kingdom of Poland, existing during the Middle Ages.
- Active Epoch:
- 1139 CE – 1351 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Płock, Czersk
- Government:
Bronze & Iron Age Civilizations166,128 km²
Twenty-second Dynasty of Egypt
The Twenty-second Dynasty was an Ancient Egyptian dynasty of 947–713 BC, during the Third Intermediate Period.
- Active Epoch:
- 800 BCE – 701 BCE
- Imperial Capital:
- Bubastis, Tanis
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages165,043 km²
Hammadid Dynasty
The Hammadid dynasty, also known as the Hammadid Emirate or the Kingdom of Bejaia, was a medieval Islamic kingdom in the central Maghreb, encompassing what is now Algeria.
- Active Epoch:
- 1018 CE – 1151 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Qal'at Bani Hammad
- Government:
Early Middle Ages164,307 km²
Kingdom of Denmark
The Danish Realm, officially the Kingdom of Denmark, often known as Denmark, is a sovereign state consisting of a collection of constituent territories united by the Constitutional Act, which applies to the entire territory.
- Active Epoch:
- 936 CE – 1406 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Copenhagen
- Government:
Early Modern & Age of Discovery162,622 km²
Astrakhan Khanate
The Khanate of Astrakhan was a Tatar rump state of the Golden Horde.
- Active Epoch:
- 1468 CE – 1768 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Astrakhan
- Government:
Bronze & Iron Age Civilizations161,552 km²
Kingdom of Urartu
Urartu was an ancient civilization and Iron Age kingdom centered on the Armenian highlands between Lake Van, Lake Urmia, and Lake Sevan.
- Active Epoch:
- 800 BCE – 551 BCE
- Imperial Capital:
- Tushpa
- Government:
Early Modern & Age of Discovery160,851 km²
Kingdom of Luang Phrabang
Luang Prabang, historically known as Xieng Thong, and alternatively spelled Luang Phabang or Louangphabang, is the capital of Luang Prabang Province in north-central Laos.
- Active Epoch:
- 1709 CE – 1894 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
Industrial Era160,314 km²
Republic of Baja California
The Republic of Baja California, also known in Spanish as the República de Baja California, was a proposed state from 1853 to 1854, after American private military leader William Walker failed to invade Sonora from Arizona.
- Active Epoch:
- 1853 CE – 1856 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- La Paz
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages159,344 km²
Jaunpur Sultanate
The Jaunpur Sultanate was a late medieval Indian Muslim state which ruled over much of what is now the Indian states of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar and southern Nepal between 1394 and 1494.
- Active Epoch:
- 1395 CE – 1481 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Jaunpur
- Government:
Classical Antiquity159,048 km²
Kingdom of Soissons
The Kingdom of Soissons is the name given by modern scholars to the fifth-century "kingdom" of Romans ruled by Syagrius, which was based in Soissons in what is now northern France.
- Active Epoch:
- 476 CE – 489 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Soissons
- Government:
Early Modern & Age of Discovery158,296 km²
Trịnh lords
The Trịnh lords, formally titled as Viceroy of Trịnh, also known as the House of Trịnh or the Trịnh clan, were a feudal noble clan that ruled Đàng Ngoài during the Revival Lê dynasty.
- Active Epoch:
- 1572 CE – 1787 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Đông Kinh
- Government:
Industrial Era155,631 km²
United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia
The United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia, commonly called United Principalities or Wallachia and Moldavia, was the personal union of the Principality of Moldavia and the Principality of Wallachia.
- Active Epoch:
- 1859 CE – 1916 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Iași and Bucharest,
- Government:
Bronze Age Civilizations154,175 km²
Shang Dynasty
The Shang dynasty, also known as the Yin dynasty, was a Chinese royal dynasty that ruled in the Yellow River valley during the 2nd millennium BC, traditionally succeeding the Xia dynasty and followed by the Western Zhou dynasty.
- Active Epoch:
- 1600 BCE – 1001 BCE
- Imperial Capital:
- )
- Government:
Classical Antiquity152,855 km²
Southern Yan
Yan, known in historiography as the Southern Yan, was a dynastic state of China ruled by the Murong clan of the Xianbei during the era of Sixteen Kingdoms.
- Active Epoch:
- 402 CE – 409 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Huatai
- Government:
Early Modern & Age of Discovery152,721 km²
Ahmadnagar Sultanate
The Ahmadnagar Sultanate was an early modern sultanate located in the northwestern Deccan, ruled by the Nizam Shahi dynasty.
- Active Epoch:
- 1492 CE – 1652 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Junnar
- Government:
Bronze & Iron Age Civilizations152,647 km²
Jin
Jin, originally known as Tang (唐), was a major state during the middle part of the Zhou dynasty, based near the centre of what was then China, on the lands attributed to the legendary Xia dynasty: the southern part of modern Shanxi.
- Active Epoch:
- 750 BCE – 405 BCE
- Imperial Capital:
- Tang
- Government:
Early Middle Ages152,278 km²
Ngô Dynasty
The Ngô dynasty, officially Tĩnh Hải quân, was a semi-independent Vietnamese dynasty from 939 to 968.
- Active Epoch:
- 947 CE – 1406 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Cổ Loa
- Government:
Early Middle Ages151,898 km²
Kingdom of the Gepids
The Gepids were an East Germanic tribe who lived in the area of modern Romania, Hungary, and Serbia, roughly between the Tisza, Sava, and Carpathian Mountains.
- Active Epoch:
- 510 CE – 566 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Sirmium
- Government:
Industrial Era151,652 km²
Republic of Tunisia
Tunisia, officially the Republic of Tunisia, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa.
- Active Epoch:
- 1956 CE – 2024 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Tunis
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages151,033 km²
Principality of Smolensk
The Principality of Smolensk, also known as the Grand Principality of Smolensk, was a Russian principality with its capital in Smolensk.
- Active Epoch:
- 1056 CE – 1406 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Smolensk
- Government:
Early Middle Ages149,880 km²
Unified Silla
Unified Silla, Late Silla, or Greater Silla is the name often applied to the historical period of the Korean kingdom of Silla after its conquest of Goguryeo in 668 AD, which marked the end of the Three Kingdoms period.
- Active Epoch:
- 682 CE – 935 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Seorabeol), Saro, Sara, Seonabeol, Seoyabeol, Seobeol, Wanggyeong
- Government:
Early Modern & Age of Discovery149,201 km²
Gorkha Kingdom
The Gorkha Kingdom, also known as the Gorkha Confederation or the Gorkha Empire, was one of the 24 Khasa principally state or Chaubisi states, situated at the junction of the Himalayas and the Indian subcontinent.
- Active Epoch:
- 1588 CE – 1787 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Gorkha
- Government:
Industrial Era149,184 km²
Netherlands Antilles
Netherlands Antilles is mapped in the atlas for 1815 CE – 2024 CE, with a peak mapped extent of about 149,184 km².
- Active Epoch:
- 1815 CE – 2024 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Willemstad
- Government:
Industrial Era148,695 km²
Republic of Uryankhay
Republic of Uryankhay is mapped in the atlas for 1912 CE – 1913 CE, with a peak mapped extent of about 148,695 km².
- Active Epoch:
- 1912 CE – 1913 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
Industrial Era147,904 km²
Serbia-Montenegro
The State Union of Serbia and Montenegro, known from 1992 to 2003 as the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY) and commonly referred to as Yugoslavia, was a country in Southeastern Europe.
- Active Epoch:
- 1992 CE – 2005 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Belgrade
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages147,669 km²
Principality of Kiev
The inner Principality of Kiev was a medieval principality centered on the city of Kiev.
- Active Epoch:
- 1056 CE – 1240 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Kiev
- Government:
Classical Antiquity147,534 km²
Nobatia
Nobatia or Nobadia was a late antique kingdom in Lower Nubia, modern day southern Egypt.
- Active Epoch:
- 347 CE – 655 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Pachoras
- Government:
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