Sultanate of Hobyo: Map & History
The Sultanate of Hobyo, also known as the Sultanate of Obbia, was a 19th-century Somali Sultanate in present-day central and northeastern Somalia, and eastern Ethiopia.
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The Sultanate of Hobyo, also known as the Sultanate of Obbia, was a 19th-century Somali Sultanate in present-day central and northeastern Somalia, and eastern Ethiopia. It was established between the 1870s and 1884 by Yusuf Ali Kenadid. In 1889, it became a protectorate of Italy and was eventually after the Campaign of the Sultanates, integrated into the colony of Italian Somaliland in 1927.
Modern Countries Once Part of Sultanate of Hobyo
At its mapped extent, Sultanate of Hobyo covered territory in 1 present-day country. The period shown is when the mapped borders include that country, and the note says how much of it.
Largest Present-Day Cities in Its Territory
Each opens on the live map inside Sultanate of Hobyo's borders of that time.
Derived by testing mapped cities against this polity's dated territorial polygons, so the list is indicative and follows the borders in the source dataset.
Sultanate of Hobyo in Depth
History
The sultanate of Hobyo originated from a rift within the Majeerteen. The election of Yusuf Ali as Sultan by Bah Lelkase and Bah Yaqub in Alula (which from the time of Boqor Xawaadane had been designated as the residence of the Bah Yaqubs) was the origin of a dynastic conflict.
Initially, Yusuf Ali Kenadid's goal was to seize control of the neighbouring Majeerteen Sultanate, which was then ruled by his cousin Boqor Osman Mahamud. However, he was unsuccessful in this endeavour, and was eventually forced into exile in Yemen. A decade later, in the 1870s, Kenadid returned from the Arabian Peninsula with a band of Hadhrami. With their assistance, he managed to overpower the local Habar Gidir clans and establish the Sultanate of Hobyo.
Legacy
The Cumar-Samatar Secondary School in central Galkacyo is named after Omar Samatar in remembrance of his struggles and sacrifices against the Italians.
What was left by the Sultanate of Hobyo, in terms of culture and political vision, continued Mogadishu. After the Second World War, former members of the Sultanate, under new conditions helped in creating Somali nationalism. The Osmanya script and foundation of the Somali Youth League (SYL) owes much regards to the former Hobyo Sultanate.
Sections adapted from Wikipedia: Sultanate of Hobyo (CC BY-SA 4.0).
Sultanate of Hobyo: Key Facts
| Capital | Hobyow |
|---|---|
| Founded | 1878 |
| Dissolved | 26 December 1925 |
Preceded by
- Hiraab Imamate
Facts from Wikidata Q862404 (CC0).
Sultanate of Hobyo Timeline
Key historical inflections from foundation to peak territorial expansion
Expansion to peak recorded area of 134,617 km² in 1884 CE.
Sultanate of Hobyo: Frequently Asked Questions
When did the Sultanate of Hobyo exist?
The Sultanate of Hobyo is dated to 1880 CE – 1894 CE, in the Industrial era.
What was the capital of the Sultanate of Hobyo?
The capital of the Sultanate of Hobyo was Hobyo.
How large was the Sultanate of Hobyo at its peak?
At its peak in 1884 the Sultanate of Hobyo covered about 134,617 km².
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