From ancient Sumerian city-states and Egypt to Rome, the Pax Mongolica, dynastic China, and global colonial realms, explore the territorial boundaries, administrative centers, and civilizational achievements of humanity’s historical sovereign polities.
The Bali Kingdom was a series of Hindu-Buddhist kingdoms that once ruled some parts of the volcanic island of Bali, in Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia.
The Empire of Thessalonica is a historiographic term used by some modern scholars to refer to the short-lived Greek state centred on the city of Thessalonica between 1224 and 1246 and ruled by the Komnenodoukas dynasty of the Despotate of Epirus.
The Frisian Kingdom is a modern name for the post-Roman Frisian realm in Western Europe in the period when it was at its largest (650–734).
Italian nationalism is a movement which believes that the Italians are a nation with a single homogeneous identity, and therefrom seeks to promote the cultural unity of Italy as a country.
El Salvador, officially the Republic of El Salvador, is a sovereign nation in Central America.
The Kingdom of Fiji, also known as the Kingdom of Viti, was a short-lived monarchy in Fiji.
Fiji, officially the Republic of Fiji, is an archipelagic country in Melanesia, part of Oceania in the South Pacific Ocean.
The Despotate of Dobruja or Principality of Karvuna was a 14th-century quasi-independent Bulgarian polity in the region of modern Dobruja, that split off from the Second Bulgarian Empire under the influence of the Byzantine Empire.
The Duchy of Croatia was a medieval state that was established by White Croats who migrated into the area of the former Roman province of Dalmatia c.
The Taifa of Almería was a Muslim medieval Arab kingdom located in what is now the province of Almería in Spain.
The British Overseas Territories (BOTs) are fourteen dependent territories of the United Kingdom (UK) that lie outside the British Islands.
Auvergne is a cultural region in central France.
The Sultanate of Bulungan was a former independent sultanate and later a special territory of Indonesia located in the then existing Bulungan Regency in the east of the island of Borneo.
Earl of Desmond is a title of nobility created by the English monarch in the peerage of Ireland.
The Kanem–Bornu Empire was an empire based around Lake Chad that once ruled areas which are now part of Nigeria, Niger, Cameroon, Libya, Algeria, Sudan, and Chad.
The Grand Duchy of Hesse and by Rhine was a grand duchy in western Germany that existed from 1806 to 1918.
The Duchy of Holstein was the northernmost state of the Holy Roman Empire, located in the present German state of Schleswig-Holstein.
The Republic of Florence, also known as the Florentine Republic, was a medieval and early modern state that was centered on the Italian city of Florence in Tuscany.
The Kingdom of Israel was an Israelite kingdom that may have existed in the Southern Levant.
The Principality of Drutsk was a small appanage of the Principality of Polotsk, centred in the city of Drutsk.
The Principality of Achaea or Principality of Morea was one of the vassal states of the Latin Empire, which replaced the Byzantine Empire after the capture of Constantinople during the Fourth Crusade.
Patani, or the Sultanate of Patani was a Malay sultanate in the historical Patani Region.
In ancient Egyptian history, the Old Kingdom is the period spanning c.
The Prome kingdom also known as Pyay kingdom was a kingdom that existed for six decades between 1482 and 1542 in present-day central Burma (Myanmar).
Slovenia, officially the Republic of Slovenia, is a country in Central Europe.
French Guiana, also known by its French name Guyane or Guyane française, is an overseas department and region of France located on the northern coast of South America in the Guianas and the West Indies.
Vermandois was a French county that appeared in the Merovingian period.
Girona, also known in Spanish as Gerona, is the capital city of the Province of Girona in the autonomous community of Catalonia, Spain, at the confluence of the Ter, Onyar, Galligants, and Güell rivers.
The Bahamas, officially the Commonwealth of The Bahamas, is an archipelagic country in the Caribbean located within the Lucayan Archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean.
The Kedah Sultanate is a Muslim dynasty located in the Malay Peninsula.
Timor-Leste, also known as East Timor, officially the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, is a country in Southeast Asia.
Serbia, officially the Republic of Serbia, is a landlocked country in Southeastern and Central Europe.
Classic Veracruz culture refers to a cultural area in the north and central areas of the present-day Mexican state of Veracruz, a culture that existed from roughly 100 to 1000 CE, or during the Classic era.
Deira was an area of Post-Roman Britain, and a later Anglian kingdom.
Seisyllwg was a petty kingdom of medieval Wales.
House of Wittelsbach is mapped in the atlas for 1260 CE – 1332 CE, with a peak mapped extent of about 18,230 km².
The County of Périgord was a historical region of France.
French India, formally the Établissements français dans l'Inde, was a French colony comprising five geographically separated enclaves on the Indian subcontinent that had initially been factories of the French East India Company.
The Principality of Salerno was a medieval Southern European state, formed in 851 out of the Principality of Benevento after a decade-long civil war.
The Republic of Baden was a German state during the Weimar Republic.
The Duchy of Lorraine, initially also known as the Duchy of Upper Lorraine, was a duchy of the Holy Roman Empire which existed from the 10th century until 1766, when it was annexed by the Kingdom of France.
The Olmecs or Olmec were an early major Mesoamerican civilization, flourishing in the modern-day Mexican states of Veracruz and Tabasco from roughly 1200 to 400 BC during Mesoamerica's formative period.
Chechnya, officially the Chechen Republic, is a republic of Russia.
Kuwait, officially the State of Kuwait, is a country in West Asia.
Kuwait, officially the State of Kuwait, is a country in West Asia.
Ryazan is the largest city and the administrative center of Ryazan Oblast, Russia.
Eswatini, formally the Kingdom of Eswatini, also known by its former official names Swaziland and the Kingdom of Swaziland, is a landlocked country in Southern Africa.
Eswatini, formally the Kingdom of Eswatini, also known by its former official names Swaziland and the Kingdom of Swaziland, is a landlocked country in Southern Africa.
The Duchy of Tuscia, initially known as the Duchy of Lucca, was a Lombard duchy in Central Italy, which included much of today's Tuscany.
The Electorate of Trier was an ecclesiastical principality of the Holy Roman Empire that existed from the end of the 9th to the early 19th century.
The Tsardom of Vidin was a medieval Bulgarian state centred in the city of Vidin from 1369–1396.
Montenegro is a country in Southeastern Europe, on the Balkan Peninsula.
The Kingdom of Württemberg was a German state that existed from 1806 to 1918, occupying territory in what is now the southern German federal state of Baden-Württemberg.
The Duchy of Styria was a duchy located in modern-day southern Austria and northern Slovenia.
New Hebrides, named after the Hebrides in Scotland by Captain James Cook in 1774, was the colonial name for the island group in the South Pacific Ocean that is now Vanuatu.
Vanuatu, officially the Republic of Vanuatu, is an archipelagic country in Melanesia located in the South Pacific Ocean.
The Duchy of Nassau was an independent state between 1806 and 1866, located in what became the German states of Rhineland-Palatinate and Hesse.
The historiographical term "Eighteen Kingdoms", also translated as "Eighteen States", refers to the eighteen fengjian states in China created by military leader Xiang Yu in 206 BCE, after the collapse of the Qin dynasty.
The Duchy of Głogów or Duchy of Glogau was one of the Duchies of Silesia, formed in course of the medieval fragmentation of Poland into smaller provincial duchies.
Dutch Gold Coast is mapped in the atlas for 1653 CE – 1872 CE, with a peak mapped extent of about 15,701 km².
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