Early Middle Ages27,862 km²
County of Rouergue
Rouergue is a former province of France, corresponding roughly with the modern department of Aveyron.
- Active Epoch:
- 990 CE – 1065 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Rodez
- Government:
Planetary Historical Sovereign Registry
Empires & Sovereign States
From ancient Sumerian city-states and Egypt to Rome, the Pax Mongolica, dynastic China, and global colonial realms, explore the territorial boundaries, administrative centers, and civilizational achievements of humanity’s historical sovereign polities.
Polities Indexed
1,612 Polities
Across 5 Continents
Largest Land Realm
24.0M km²
Mongol Empire
Largest Maritime Realm
35.5M km²
British Empire (1921)
Vector Attribution
Cliopatria
13,800+ dated border shapes · CC BY 4.0
Showing 60 of 60 superpowers
Epoch:
Industrial Era27,820 km²
Albania
Albania, officially the Republic of Albania, is a country in Southeastern Europe.
- Active Epoch:
- 1912 CE – 1945 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Tirana
- Government:
Industrial Era27,817 km²
People's Socialist Republic of Albania
The People's Socialist Republic of Albania was the communist state that existed in Albania from 11 January 1946 to 29 April 1991.
- Active Epoch:
- 1946 CE – 1990 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Tirana
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages27,741 km²
Republic of Pisa
The Republic of Pisa was an independent state existing from the 11th to the 15th century, centered on the Tuscan city of Pisa.
- Active Epoch:
- 1010 CE – 1401 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Pisa
- Government:
Early Modern & Age of Discovery27,732 km²
Blambangan Kingdom
The Blambangan Kingdom was the last Javanese Hindu kingdom that flourished between the 15th and 18th centuries, based in the eastern corner of Java.
- Active Epoch:
- 1519 CE – 1743 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Semboro
- Government:
Early Modern & Age of Discovery27,697 km²
Sultanate of Jambi
The Jambi Sultanate, alternatively known as Djambi, was a sultanate that was centered in the modern-day province of Jambi in Indonesia.
- Active Epoch:
- 1670 CE – 1904 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Tanah Pilih
- Government:
Early Middle Ages27,490 km²
County of Champagne
The County of Champagne was a medieval territory and feudal principality in the Kingdom of France.
- Active Epoch:
- 990 CE – 1284 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Troyes
- Government:
Industrial Era27,293 km²
Republic of Moldova
Moldova, officially the Republic of Moldova, is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe, with an area of 33,843 km2 (13,067 sq mi) and a population of 2.38 million.
- Active Epoch:
- 1992 CE – 2024 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Chișinău
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages26,864 km²
Grand Duchy of Kraków
The Grand Duchy of Kraków was created after the incorporation of the Free City of Cracow into Austria on 16 November 1846.
- Active Epoch:
- 1279 CE – 1293 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Kraków
- Government:
Industrial Era26,801 km²
Mosquito Kingdom
The Mosquito Coast is an area along the coast of eastern Nicaragua and southeastern Honduras.
- Active Epoch:
- 1853 CE – 1859 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Bluefields
- Government:
Early Middle Ages26,690 km²
County of Anjou
The County of Anjou was a French county that was the predecessor to the Duchy of Anjou.
- Active Epoch:
- 990 CE – 1332 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Angers
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages26,690 km²
Angevins
Angevins is mapped in the atlas for 1126 CE – 1146 CE, with a peak mapped extent of about 26,690 km².
- Active Epoch:
- 1126 CE – 1146 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
Early Middle Ages26,600 km²
Principality of Nitra
The Principality of Nitra also known as the Duchy of Nitra, was a West Slavic polity encompassing a group of settlements that developed in the 9th century around Nitra, in present-day Slovakia.
- Active Epoch:
- 814 CE – 839 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Nitra
- Government:
Early Middle Ages26,576 km²
Nitra
Nitra is a city in southwestern Slovakia, situated at the foot of the Zobor Mountain in the Nitra River Valley about 90 km (56 mi) northeast of the country's capital, Bratislava.
- Active Epoch:
- 898 CE – 910 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
Early Middle Ages26,506 km²
Northern Han
The Northern Han was a dynastic state of China and one of the Ten Kingdoms during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period.
- Active Epoch:
- 960 CE – 979 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Taiyuan
- Government:
Early Middle Ages26,138 km²
Giudicato of Arborea
The Judicate of Arborea or the Kingdom of Arborea was one of the four independent judicates into which the island of Sardinia was divided in the Middle Ages.
- Active Epoch:
- 866 CE – 1421 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Tharros,
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages26,128 km²
Norse Greenland
The Norse settlement of North America, including Greenland, began in the late 10th century AD and lasted for about 500 years.
- Active Epoch:
- 1072 CE – 1384 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
Industrial Era26,018 km²
Zululand
Zululand is mapped in the atlas for 1820 CE – 1897 CE, with a peak mapped extent of about 26,018 km².
- Active Epoch:
- 1820 CE – 1897 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
Early Middle Ages25,919 km²
Jaemtland
Jämtland is a historical province in the centre of Sweden in northern Europe.
- Active Epoch:
- 947 CE – 1187 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
Classical Antiquity25,801 km²
Rhodes
Rhodes is the largest of Greece's Dodecanese islands and their historical capital, as well as the ninth largest island in the Mediterranean Sea.
- Active Epoch:
- 188 BCE – 165 BCE
- Imperial Capital:
- Rhodes
- Government:
Industrial Era25,419 km²
Republic of Rwanda
Rwanda, officially the Republic of Rwanda, is a landlocked country in East Africa.
- Active Epoch:
- 1963 CE – 2024 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Kigali
- Government:
Industrial Era25,267 km²
Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
North Macedonia, officially the Republic of North Macedonia, is a landlocked country in Southeastern Europe.
- Active Epoch:
- 1992 CE – 2024 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Skopje
- Government:
Classical Antiquity25,181 km²
Early Cheras
The Chera dynasty, also known as Keralaputra, Kedalaputho, from the early historic or the Sangam period in southern India, ruled over parts of present-day states Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
- Active Epoch:
- 291 BCE – 305 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Vanchi
- Government:
Bronze & Iron Age Civilizations25,034 km²
Neo-Hittite states
The states called Neo-Hittite, Syro-Hittite, or Luwian-Aramean were Luwian and Aramean regional polities of the Iron Age, situated in southeastern parts of modern Turkey and northwestern parts of modern Syria, known in ancient times as lands of Hatti and Aram.
- Active Epoch:
- 1150 BCE – 801 BCE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
Early Middle Ages25,002 km²
Hubaekje
Later Paekche or Later Baekje was one of the Later Three Kingdoms of Korea, along with Taebong and Silla.
- Active Epoch:
- 892 CE – 935 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Wansanju
- Government:
Industrial Era24,850 km²
Kingdom of Hawaï'i
The Hawaiian Kingdom, also known as the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi, was an archipelagic country from 1795 to 1893, which eventually encompassed all of the inhabited Hawaiian Islands.
- Active Epoch:
- 1791 CE – 1894 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Waikīkī / Honolulu / Kailua-Kona
- Government:
Industrial Era24,850 km²
Republic of Hawai'i
The Republic of Hawaii was a short-lived one-party state in Hawaiʻi between July 4, 1894, when the Provisional Government of Hawaii had ended, and August 12, 1898, when it became annexed by the United States as an unincorporated and unorganized territory.
- Active Epoch:
- 1895 CE – 1897 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Honolulu
- Government:
Industrial Era24,740 km²
Republic of Burundi
Burundi, officially the Republic of Burundi, is a landlocked country in East Africa.
- Active Epoch:
- 1963 CE – 2024 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Gitega
- Government:
Early Modern & Age of Discovery24,701 km²
Qasim Khanate
The Qasim Khanate, also known as the Tsardom of Kasimov, was a Tatar-ruled khanate which existed from 1452 until 1681 in the territory of the Russian state.
- Active Epoch:
- 1453 CE – 1551 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Kasimov
- Government:
Early Modern & Age of Discovery24,700 km²
Sikhs
Sikhs are followers of Sikhism, a religion that originated in the late 15th century in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent, based on the teachings of Guru Nanak.
- Active Epoch:
- 1709 CE – 1717 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
Industrial Era24,632 km²
Grand Duchy of Tuscany
The Grand Duchy of Tuscany was an Italian monarchy located in Central Italy that existed, with interruptions, from 1569 to 1860, replacing the Republic of Florence.
- Active Epoch:
- 1797 CE – 1848 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Florence
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages24,629 km²
Taifa of Granada
The Taifa of Granada or Zirid Kingdom of Granada was a Muslim kingdom that was formed in al-Andalus in 1013 following the deposition of Umayyad Caliph Hisham II in 1009.
- Active Epoch:
- 1015 CE – 1093 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Granada
- Government:
Early Middle Ages24,615 km²
Kingdom of the Iberians
Kingdom of the Iberians is mapped in the atlas for 814 CE – 999 CE, with a peak mapped extent of about 24,615 km².
- Active Epoch:
- 814 CE – 999 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Artanuji, Bana
- Government:
Industrial Era24,587 km²
Qatar Dynasty
Qatar, officially the State of Qatar, is a country in West Asia.
- Active Epoch:
- 1820 CE – 1904 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Doha
- Government:
Bronze Age Civilizations24,559 km²
Sixteenth Dynasty of Egypt
The Sixteenth Dynasty of ancient Egypt was a dynasty of pharaohs that ruled the Theban region in Upper Egypt for 70 years.
- Active Epoch:
- 1600 BCE – 1501 BCE
- Imperial Capital:
- Thebes
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages24,477 km²
Ramadanid Emirate
The Ramadanid Emirate was a Turkish autonomous administration and a de facto independent emirate that existed from 1352 to 1608 in Cilicia, taking over the rule of the region from the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia.
- Active Epoch:
- 1385 CE – 1515 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Adana
- Government:
Early Middle Ages24,440 km²
Breton Kingdoms
The Bretons are a Celtic ethnic group native to Brittany, north-western France.
- Active Epoch:
- 587 CE – 824 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages24,036 km²
Kingdom of Syrmia
Syrmia is a region of the southern Pannonian Plain, which lies between the Danube and Sava rivers.
- Active Epoch:
- 1285 CE – 1325 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Sremska Mitrovica
- Government:
Early Modern & Age of Discovery23,993 km²
Sultanate of Perak
The Sultan of Perak is the constitutional monarch and head of state of the Malaysian state of Perak.
- Active Epoch:
- 1529 CE – 1876 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
Classical Antiquity23,785 km²
Kingdom of Sophene
The Kingdom of Sophene was a Hellenistic-era political entity situated between ancient Armenia and Syria.
- Active Epoch:
- 256 BCE – 113 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Karkathiokerta, Arsamosata
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages23,634 km²
County of Poitou
The County of Poitou was a historical region of France, consisting of the three sub-regions of Vendée, Deux-Sèvres and Vienne.
- Active Epoch:
- 1206 CE – 1249 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Poitiers
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages23,633 km²
County of Armagnac
The County of Armagnac, situated between the Adour and Garonne rivers in the lower foothills of the Pyrenees, was a historic county of the Duchy of Gascony, established in 601 in Aquitaine.
- Active Epoch:
- 1206 CE – 1496 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Auch
- Government:
Early Middle Ages23,545 km²
Kingdom of Lazica
The Kingdom of Lazica, sometimes called Lazian Empire, was a state in the territory of west Georgia in the Roman period, from about the 1st century BC.
- Active Epoch:
- 638 CE – 777 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Archaeopolis
- Government:
Classical Antiquity23,506 km²
Jinhan
Jinhan was a loose confederacy of chiefdoms that existed from around the 1st century BCE to the 4th century CE in the southern Korean peninsula, to the east of the Nakdong River valley, Gyeongsang Province.
- Active Epoch:
- 91 BCE – 377 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages23,422 km²
Principality of Jersika
The Principality of Jersika was a medieval Latgalian principality in the east of modern-day Latvia, and one of the largest medieval states in Latvia before the Northern Crusades.
- Active Epoch:
- 1111 CE – 1215 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Jersika
- Government:
Early Modern & Age of Discovery23,396 km²
Kingdom of Kakheti
The Kingdom of Kakheti was a late medieval and early modern monarchy in eastern Georgia, centered at the province of Kakheti, with its capital first at Gremi and then at Telavi.
- Active Epoch:
- 1468 CE – 1762 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Gremi
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages23,284 km²
County of Brabant
The Landgraviate of Brabant was a small imperial fiefdom west of Brussels, consisting of the area between the Dender and Zenne rivers in the Low Countries, then part of the Holy Roman Empire.
- Active Epoch:
- 1260 CE – 1430 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- None
- Government:
Classical Antiquity23,257 km²
Athenian Coalition
The Peloponnesian War was fought in the Eastern Mediterranean between the Athenian-led Delian League and the Spartan-led Peloponnesian League from 431 to 404 BC for hegemony over Ancient Greece.
- Active Epoch:
- 323 BCE – 257 BCE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
Early Middle Ages23,247 km²
Kingdom of Gwynedd
The Kingdom of Gwynedd was a Welsh kingdom which first appeared at the turn of the sixth century.
- Active Epoch:
- 540 CE – 1284 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- None, with a 'chief' court at Aberffraw
- Government:
Industrial Era23,127 km²
Kingdom of Etruria
The Kingdom of Etruria was an Italian kingdom between 1801 and 1807 that made up a large part of modern Tuscany.
- Active Epoch:
- 1803 CE – 1806 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Florence
- Government:
Classical Antiquity22,923 km²
Paphlagonia
Paphlagonia was an ancient region on the Black Sea coast of north-central Anatolia, situated between Bithynia to the west and Pontus to the east, and separated from Phrygia by a prolongation to the east of the Bithynian Olympus.
- Active Epoch:
- 279 BCE – 127 BCE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
Industrial Era22,879 km²
Belize
Belize is a country on the north-eastern coast of Central America.
- Active Epoch:
- 1983 CE – 2024 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Belmopan
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages22,847 km²
Margraviate of Moravia
The Margraviate of Moravia was one of the Lands of the Bohemian Crown within the Holy Roman Empire, the Austrian Empire and Austria-Hungary, existing from 1182 to 1918.
- Active Epoch:
- 1385 CE – 1414 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Olomouc
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages22,777 km²
Jaffna kingdom
The Jaffna Kingdom, also known as Kingdom of Aryachakravarti, was a historical kingdom of what today is northern Sri Lanka.
- Active Epoch:
- 1314 CE – 1594 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Nallur
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages22,601 km²
Pskov Republic
The Pskov Republic, formally known as Lord Pskov, was a city-state in northwestern Russia.
- Active Epoch:
- 1285 CE – 1511 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Pskov
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages22,597 km²
Free County of Burgundy
The Free County of Burgundy ; French: Franche Comté de Bourgogne; German: Freigrafschaft Burgund) was a medieval and early modern feudal polity ruled by a count from 982 to 1678.
- Active Epoch:
- 1333 CE – 1384 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Dole
- Government:
Early Middle Ages22,528 km²
Emirate of Sicily
The island of Sicily was under Islamic rule from the late ninth to the late eleventh centuries.
- Active Epoch:
- 850 CE – 1093 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Palermo
- Government:
Bronze & Iron Age Civilizations22,523 km²
Peloponnesian League
The Peloponnesian League was an alliance of ancient Greek city-states, dominated by Sparta and centred on the Peloponnese, which lasted from c.
- Active Epoch:
- 550 BCE – 338 BCE
- Imperial Capital:
- Sparta
- Government:
Industrial Era22,222 km²
Republic of Djibouti
Djibouti, officially the Republic of Djibouti, is a country in the Horn of Africa, bordered by Somalia to the south, Ethiopia to the southwest, Eritrea in the north, and the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden to the east.
- Active Epoch:
- 1979 CE – 2024 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Djibouti City
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages22,185 km²
Kingdom of Navarre
The Kingdom of Navarre, originally the Kingdom of Pamplona, was a historical Iberian polity which occupied lands on both sides of the western Pyrenees, with its northernmost areas originally reaching the Atlantic Ocean, between present-day Spain and France.
- Active Epoch:
- 1139 CE – 1428 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Pamplona
- Government:
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