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Map of Sicily

Sicily is a first-level division of Italy. Its largest mapped city is Palermo, with about 863,000 people in the metropolitan area. The interactive map below is centred on Sicily, and the tables list its 6 mapped cities along with the mountains, ports, World Heritage Sites nearest to them.

Cities Mapped
6
Largest City
Palermo
863,000
Country
Italy
Europe
Highest Point Mapped
3,322 m
Monte Etna

Interactive Map of Sicily

6.4

About Sicily

Sicilia (; Classical Latin: [sɪˈkɪ.li.a]; Ancient Greek: Σικελία, romanized: Sikelía) was the first province acquired by the Roman Republic, encompassing the island of Sicily. The western part of the island was brought under Roman control in 241 BC at the conclusion of the First Punic War with Carthage. A praetor was regularly assigned to the island from c. 227 BC. The Kingdom of Syracuse under Hieron II remained an independent ally of Rome until its defeat in 212 BC during the Second Punic War. Thereafter the province included the whole of the island of Sicily, the island of Malta, and the smaller island groups (the Egadi islands, the Lipari islands, Ustica, and Pantelleria).

During the Roman Republic, the island was the main source of grain for the city of Rome. Extraction was heavy, provoking armed uprisings known as the First and Second Servile Wars in the second century BC. In the first century, the Roman governor, Verres, was famously prosecuted for his corruption by Cicero. In the civil wars which brought the Roman Republic to an end, Sicily was controlled by Sextus Pompey in opposition to the Second Triumvirate. When the island finally came under the control of Augustus in 36 BC, it was substantially reorganised, with large Roman colonies being established in several major cities.

For most of the Imperial period, the province was a peaceful, agrarian territory. As a result, it is rarely mentioned in literary sources, but archaeology and epigraphy reveals several thriving cities, such as Lilybaeum and Panormus in the west, and Syracuse and Catania in the east. These communities were organised in a similar way to other cities of the Roman Empire and were largely self-governing. Greek and Latin were the main languages of the island but Punic, Hebrew and probably other languages were also spoken. There were several Jewish communities on the island and from around AD 200 there is also evidence of substantial Christian communities.

Summary adapted from Wikipedia: Sicilia (Roman province) (CC BY-SA 4.0).

Sicily, Italy
Image via Wikimedia Commons.

Sicily in Depth

History

Agathocles, tyrant of Syracuse from 317 and King of Sicily from 307 or 304 BC, died in 289 BC. A group of his Campanian mercenaries, called the Mamertines, were offered compensation in exchange for leaving the city. They took control of Messina, killing and exiling the men, and holding the women in bondage.

In response to this, the Syracusan general Hiero, who had reorganised the mercenaries and was able to bring banditry under control in 269 BC, began advancing on Messina. The Carthaginians, always eager to prevent the excessive empowerment of a single force and to keep Sicily divided, offered aid to the Mamertines. Hiero had to return to Syracuse, where he assumed the title of king.

Sections adapted from Wikipedia: Sicilia (Roman province) (CC BY-SA 4.0).

Sicily: Key Facts

Key facts about Sicily
CapitalSyracuse
Established241 BCE

Facts from Wikidata Q691321 (CC0).

History of Sicily: Empires and States

The atlas records 22 polities whose mapped territory included part of Sicily, from Greek City-States in 630 BCE to 2024 CE. They are listed in the order they first appear.

Polities that held Sicily, in chronological order
PolityPeriod here
Greek City-States630–272 BCE
Carthage307–278 BCE
Roman Republic247–32 BCE
The Roman Empire31 BCE – 440 CE
Western Roman Empire395–440 CE
Vandal Kingdom441–489 CE
Ostrogothic Kingdom500–535 CE
Eastern Roman Empire536–632 CE
The Byzantine Empire536–849 CE
Emirate of Sicily850–1071 CE
Fatimid Caliphate911–959 CE
Norman Italy1072–1138 CE
Kingdom of Sicily1139–1384 CE
Crown of Aragon1285–1515 CE
Kingdom of Spain1516–1777 CE
The Spanish Empire1516–1777 CE
Iberian Union1582–1639 CE
Habsburg Monarchy1721–1733 CE
Kingdom of Naples (Napoleonic1762–1814 CE
Kingdom of the Two Sicilies1815–1859 CE
Kingdom of Italy1862–1945 CE
Republic of Italy1946–2024 CE

Derived by testing mapped cities against dated territorial polygons. Dates are when the polygons cover this place, not the polity's whole lifespan, and polities absent from the source dataset are not listed.

Largest Cities in Sicily

6 cities mapped. Ranked by metropolitan population. A port city's harbour is written up on the page of its sea.

Largest Cities in Sicily
#NamePopulation
1Palermo863,000
2Catania674,542
3Messina252,026
4Siracusa123,657
5Marsala77,784
6Ragusa68,956

Highest Mountains in Sicily

1 mountain mapped. Ranked by summit elevation above sea level. A summit on a border is listed under both countries. Assigned by the nearest mapped city, so features near the boundary may belong to a neighbouring division.

Highest Mountains in Sicily
#NameElevation
1Monte Etna3,322 m

Ports in Sicily

15 ports mapped. Ranked by approach channel depth, the figure that limits which ships can call. Harbours link to their write-up on the page of the sea or coast they lie on. Assigned by the nearest mapped city, so features near the boundary may belong to a neighbouring division.

Ports in Sicily
#NameChannel Depth
1Mazara del Vallo53 m
2Marsala49.4 m
3Termini Imerese45.7 m
4Trapani42.1 m
5Licata42.1 m
6Milazzo38.4 m
7Porto Empedocle34.7 m
8Catania34.7 m
9Gela31.1 m
10Augusta5.5 m
The other 5 (channel depth, class, sea, max vessel)
  1. Lipari · 5.5 m · Very Small · Western Mediterranean · point_of_interest
  2. Porto Di Palermo · 5.5 m · Small · Western Mediterranean · large vessels
  3. Messina · 5.5 m · Small · Adriatic & Ionian Seas · large vessels
  4. Siracusa · 5.5 m · Major · Adriatic & Ionian Seas · large vessels
  5. Pozzallo · Very Small · Eastern Mediterranean · large vessels

UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Sicily

6 World Heritage Sites mapped. Listed by year of inscription, earliest first. Sites shared with another country appear under each. Assigned by the nearest mapped city, so features near the boundary may belong to a neighbouring division.

UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Sicily
#NameInscribed
1Valle dei Templi1997
2Villa Romana del Casale1997
3Aeolian Islands2000
4Syracuse and the Rocky Necropolis of Pantalica2005
5Etna Park2013
6Arab-Norman Palermo and the Cathedral Churches of Cefalú and Monreale2015

Sicily: Quick Answers

Where is Sicily?
Sicily is a first-level division of Italy, in Europe. Its mapped cities centre on 37.6055° N, 14.4062° E.
What is the largest city in Sicily?
Palermo is the largest city mapped in Sicily, with a metropolitan population of about 863,000.
How many cities are in Sicily?
YearMaps maps 6 cities and towns in Sicily, with a combined metropolitan population of about 2.06 million. This counts mapped settlements, not every municipality.
What is the highest mountain in Sicily?
The highest summit mapped in Sicily is Monte Etna at 3,322 m.

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