Allegiance of Chagatai Khanate to Yuan Dynasty: Map & History
The Chagatai Khanate, also known as the Chagatai Ulus, was a Mongol khanate that comprised the lands ruled by Chagatai Khan, second son of Genghis Khan, and his descendants and successors.
Wikipedia Encyclopedic Compendium
Historiographical synthesis & structured realm registry
The Chagatai Khanate, also known as the Chagatai Ulus, was a Mongol khanate that comprised the lands ruled by Chagatai Khan, second son of Genghis Khan, and his descendants and successors. Over time, its Mongol ruling groups underwent a gradual and uneven process of linguistic and cultural Turkification and Islamization, though Mongolian political and administrative traditions remained important. Mongolian language continued to be used for official documents into the 14th century; Tughlugh Timur and Ilyas Khoja, the first Chaghatayid rulers of Moghulistan, still issued royal edicts in Mongolian. With the division of the Mongol Empire after 1259, it became a functionally separate khanate. At its height in the late 13th century, the khanate extended from the Amu Darya south of the Aral Sea to the Altai Mountains on the border of modern-day Mongolia and China, roughly corresponding to the area once ruled by the Qara Khitai.
Modern Countries Once Part of Allegiance of Chagatai Khanate to Yuan Dynasty
At its mapped extent, Allegiance of Chagatai Khanate to Yuan Dynasty covered territory in 13 present-day countries. The period shown is when the mapped borders include that country, and the note says how much of it.
- Mongolia1294–1374 CE · nearly all
- Kyrgyzstan1294–1374 CE · nearly all
- Tajikistan1294–1351 CE · nearly all
- Hong Kong S.A.R.1294–1374 CE · nearly all
- Macau S.A.R1294–1374 CE · nearly all
- China1294–1374 CE · nearly all
- North Korea1294–1374 CE · nearly all
- South Korea1294–1362 CE · nearly all
- Uzbekistan1294–1374 CE · most
- Afghanistan1294–1351 CE · a large part
- Pakistan1294–1351 CE · a small part
- Kazakhstan1294–1374 CE · a small part
- Russia1294–1374 CE · a small part
States and Provinces
- Heilongjiang, China
- Nei Mongol, China
- Jilin, China
- Shandong, China
- Gansu, China
- Guangdong, China
- Hubei, China
- Irkutsk, Russia
- Liaoning, China
- Sichuan, China
- Hebei, China
- Henan, China
- Xinjiang Uygur, China
- Jiangsu, China
- Anhui, China
- Hunan, China
- Yunnan, China
- Zhejiang, China
- Fujian, China
- Khabarovsk, Russia
- Chita, Russia
- Jiangxi, China
- Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Shanxi, China
Largest Present-Day Cities in Its Territory
Each opens on the live map inside Allegiance of Chagatai Khanate to Yuan Dynasty's borders of that time.
Derived by testing mapped cities against this polity's dated territorial polygons, so the list is indicative and follows the borders in the source dataset.
Allegiance of Chagatai Khanate to Yuan Dynasty in Depth
History
When Genghis Khan died in 1227, his son Chagatai Khan inherited the regions roughly corresponding to the defunct Qara Khitai Empire: Issyk-Kul, Ili River, Chu River, Talas River, Transoxania, and the Tarim Basin. Chagatai was not fully independent in his khanate however and still received orders from Karakorum. When he dismissed the governor of Transoxania, Mahmud Yalavach, Ögedei Khan reinstated Mahmud, whose dynasty continued to administer the region even after the death of Chagatai. In 1238 there was a Muslim uprising in Bukhara, but Mahmud's son Mas'ud crushed it the next year before Mongol troops were able to arrive, thereby saving the populace from Mongol vengeance.
Chagatai Khan died in 1242 and was succeeded by his grandson Qara Hülegü.
Government
The Chagatai Mongols remained mostly nomadic in their mode of government and did not settle down in urban centers until the late 15th century. The Mongols of the Chagatai Khanate treated the urban dwellers of Transoxiana and the Tarim Basin as dependencies.
Sections adapted from Wikipedia: Chagatai Khanate (CC BY-SA 4.0).
Allegiance of Chagatai Khanate to Yuan Dynasty: Key Facts
| Capitals | Almaliq, Qarshi |
|---|---|
| Religion | Tengrism |
| Form of government | elective monarchy |
| Currency | coin |
| Founded | 1225 |
| Dissolved | 1687 |
Preceded by
- Kingdom of Mangalai
Facts from Wikidata Q487829 (CC0).
Allegiance of Chagatai Khanate to Yuan Dynasty Timeline
Key historical inflections from foundation to peak territorial expansion
Expansion to peak recorded area of 16,710,781 km² in 1310 CE.
Allegiance of Chagatai Khanate to Yuan Dynasty: Frequently Asked Questions
When did the Allegiance of Chagatai Khanate to Yuan Dynasty exist?
The Allegiance of Chagatai Khanate to Yuan Dynasty is dated to 1294 CE – 1374 CE, in the High & Late Middle Ages era.
What was the capital of the Allegiance of Chagatai Khanate to Yuan Dynasty?
The capital of the Allegiance of Chagatai Khanate to Yuan Dynasty was Almaliq, Qarshi.
How large was the Allegiance of Chagatai Khanate to Yuan Dynasty at its peak?
At its peak in 1310 AD the Allegiance of Chagatai Khanate to Yuan Dynasty covered about 16,710,781 km².
Other Sovereign Realms
High & Late Middle Ages • Capital: Avarga
Early Modern & Age of Discovery • Capital: Söğüt, Bursa, Edirne, Constantinople
High & Late Middle Ages • Capital: Thanjavur, Gangaikonda Cholapuram
Early Modern & Age of Discovery • Capital: Agra, Fatehpur Sikri, Lahore, Delhi