Livonian Conference: Map & History
Livonian is a Finnic language that originated on the Livonian Coast of the Gulf of Riga, located in the north of the Kurzeme peninsula in Latvia but also used to be spoken in the Salaca River valley.
Wikipedia Encyclopedic Compendium
Historiographical synthesis & structured realm registry
Livonian is a Finnic language that originated on the Livonian Coast of the Gulf of Riga, located in the north of the Kurzeme peninsula in Latvia but also used to be spoken in the Salaca River valley. Although its last known native speaker died in 2013, a child, Kuldi Medne, born in 2020, is reported to be a native speaker of Livonian. Her parents are Livonian language revival activists Jānis Mednis and Renāte Medne. Also, there are about 40 reported L2 speakers and 210 having reported some knowledge of the language. Possibly uniquely among the Uralic languages but similarly to Latvian and Lithuanian, Livonian has been described as a pitch-accent language.
Modern Countries Once Part of Livonian Conference
At its mapped extent, Livonian Conference covered territory in 2 present-day countries. The period shown is when the mapped borders include that country, and the note says how much of it.
Largest Present-Day Cities in Its Territory
Each opens on the live map inside Livonian Conference's borders of that time.
Derived by testing mapped cities against this polity's dated territorial polygons, so the list is indicative and follows the borders in the source dataset.
Livonian Conference in Depth
History
The German invasion: around the year 1200, the Livonian Brothers of the Sword and the Teutonic knights conquered Livonia, leading to contention of rule of the area between these orders and the Archbishopric of Riga.
1558–1583: Livonian War. Russians, Swedes, Danes, Lithuanians and Poles fought over the area.
1721: The Treaty of Nystad. Northern Livonia became provinces of Tsarist Russia.
Revival of the Livonian language started after the last native speaker died.
In the 13th century, the native Livonians inhabited all the areas around the Gulf of Riga, except for the Estonian island of Saaremaa. In the 12th–13th centuries the Livonian lands were conquered by the Teutonic Order.
Sections adapted from Wikipedia: Livonian language (CC BY-SA 4.0).
Livonian Conference Map Over Time
Dated world maps on which Livonian Conference appears, with the other states of the time.
Livonian Conference Timeline
Key historical inflections from foundation to peak territorial expansion
Expansion to peak recorded area of 116,497 km² in 1515 CE.
Livonian Conference: Frequently Asked Questions
When did Livonian Conference exist?
Livonian Conference is dated to 1422 CE – 1563 CE, in the High & Late Middle Ages era.
How large was Livonian Conference at its peak?
At its peak in 1515 Livonian Conference covered about 116,497 km².
Other Sovereign Realms
High & Late Middle Ages • Capital: Avarga
Early Modern & Age of Discovery • Capital: Söğüt, Bursa, Edirne, Constantinople
High & Late Middle Ages • Capital: Thanjavur, Gangaikonda Cholapuram
Early Modern & Age of Discovery • Capital: Agra, Fatehpur Sikri, Lahore, Delhi