Emirate of Jabal Shammar: Map & History
The Emirate of Jabal Shammar, also known as the Emirate of Haʾil, was a historical emirate in the northern part of the Arabian Peninsula, centred on Ha'il in Najd.
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The Emirate of Jabal Shammar, also known as the Emirate of Haʾil, was a historical emirate in the northern part of the Arabian Peninsula, centred on Ha'il in Najd. According to regional historical accounts, the emirate was originally established around 1500 AD under the Âl Ali dynasty , a ruling family belonging to the Shammar tribe. The dynasty maintained hereditary rule in Jabal Shammar until 1834, when power passed to the Al Rashid dynasty .
Modern Countries Once Part of Emirate of Jabal Shammar
At its mapped extent, Emirate of Jabal Shammar covered territory in 1 present-day country. The period shown is when the mapped borders include that country, and the note says how much of it.
States and Provinces
Largest Present-Day Cities in Its Territory
Each opens on the live map inside Emirate of Jabal Shammar's borders of that time.
Derived by testing mapped cities against this polity's dated territorial polygons, so the list is indicative and follows the borders in the source dataset.
Emirate of Jabal Shammar in Depth
History
Before the rise of the Rashidi dynasty, the Ha'il region had been ruled by the Âl Ali dynasty (Arabic: آل علي), a ruling family belonging to the Shammar tribe. According to local historical accounts, the Al Ali dynasty had governed the region since around 1500 AD, until its displacement by the Al Rashid family in 1834. The emirate was known as the Emirate of Jabal Shammar during the Al Ali period.
In 1834, Abdullah bin Rashid established Rashidi rule in Ha'il after obtaining the approval of the Saudi rulers, leading to friendly relations between the Al Rashid family and the rulers of the Second Saudi State. Both the Al Ali and Al Rashid families belonged to the same tribal branch of the Shammar tribe.
Sections adapted from Wikipedia: Emirate of Jabal Shammar (CC BY-SA 4.0).
Emirate of Jabal Shammar: Key Facts
| Capital | Ha'il |
|---|---|
| Official language | Arabic |
| Form of government | theocracy, absolute monarchy |
| Founded | 1836 |
| Dissolved | 2 November 1921 |
Facts from Wikidata Q5362837 (CC0).
Interactive map
Emirate of Jabal Shammar on the World War I map →
See Emirate of Jabal Shammar’s territory change day by day from 1 November 1914, with every battle it fought.
Emirate of Jabal Shammar Map Over Time
Dated world maps on which Emirate of Jabal Shammar appears, with the other states of the time.
Emirate of Jabal Shammar Timeline
Key historical inflections from foundation to peak territorial expansion
Expansion to peak recorded area of 674,803 km² in 1900 CE.
Emirate of Jabal Shammar: Frequently Asked Questions
When did Emirate of Jabal Shammar exist?
Emirate of Jabal Shammar is dated to 1825 CE – 1921 CE, in the Industrial era.
What was the capital of Emirate of Jabal Shammar?
The capital of Emirate of Jabal Shammar was Ha'il.
How large was Emirate of Jabal Shammar at its peak?
At its peak in 1900 Emirate of Jabal Shammar covered about 674,803 km².
How did the map of Emirate of Jabal Shammar change over time?
Emirate of Jabal Shammar appears on 2 dated world maps in the atlas, from 1900 CE to 1914 CE. Each shows its borders in that year next to the other states of the time.
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