Revolutionary Roman Republic: Map & History
The Roman Republic was a sister republic of the First French Republic that existed from 1798 to 1799.
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The Roman Republic was a sister republic of the First French Republic that existed from 1798 to 1799. It was proclaimed on 15 February 1798 after Louis-Alexandre Berthier, a general of the French Revolutionary Army, had occupied the city of Rome on 11 February. It was led by a Directory of five men and comprised territory conquered from the Papal States. The Roman Republic immediately incorporated two other former-papal revolutionary administrations, the Tiberina Republic and the Anconine Republic. It proved short-lived, as Neapolitan troops restored the Papal States in October 1799.
Modern Countries Once Part of Revolutionary Roman Republic
At its mapped extent, Revolutionary Roman Republic covered territory in 2 present-day countries. The period shown is when the mapped borders include that country, and the note says how much of it.
Largest Present-Day Cities in Its Territory
Each opens on the live map inside Revolutionary Roman Republic's borders of that time.
Derived by testing mapped cities against this polity's dated territorial polygons, so the list is indicative and follows the borders in the source dataset.
Revolutionary Roman Republic in Depth
History
The Directory decided that Duphot's killing would be avenged. The next year, French troops under General Louis-Alexandre Berthier invaded the Papal States and occupied Rome on 11 February 1798. Berthier proclaimed the Roman Republic on 15 February 1798, while Pope Pius VI was taken prisoner, escorted out of Rome on 20 February and exiled to France, where he later died. The institutions of the new sister republic were organized on the French model by Gaspard Monge and Pierre Daunou, with the help of local revolutionaries such as the engraver Francesco Piranesi and French residents of Rome such as Joseph-Antoine Florens.
Government
The Roman Republic's constitutional organization was heavily influenced by that of the French Constitution of 1795, which itself was inspired by and loosely based on that of the ancient Roman Republic. Executive authority was vested in five consuls. The legislative branch was composed of two chambers, a 60-member Tribunate and a 30-member Senate, which elected the consuls.
Background
During the French Revolutionary Wars, the Papal States, under the temporal authority of the pope in Rome, was part of the First Coalition. After defeating the Kingdom of Sardinia early in the Italian campaign of 1796–1797, General Napoleon Bonaparte turned his attention south of Piedmont to deal with the Papal States. Bonaparte, skeptical over divided command for the invasion, sent two letters to the French Directory. The letters convinced the Directory to delay the invasion of the Papal States for a while. On 3 February 1797, the French defeated the pope's army at the Battle of Faenza. Under the Treaty of Tolentino, signed on 19 February, Pope Pius VI was forced to accept an ambassador of the French First Republic.
Sections adapted from Wikipedia: Roman Republic (1798–1799) (CC BY-SA 4.0).
Revolutionary Roman Republic: Key Facts
| Capital | Rome |
|---|---|
| Official languages | Italian, French |
| Religion | Catholicism |
| Form of government | directorial system |
| Currencies | Roman scudo, baiocco |
| Founded | 15 February 1798 |
| Dissolved | 30 September 1799 |
Facts from Wikidata Q175881 (CC0).
Revolutionary Roman Republic: Frequently Asked Questions
When did the Revolutionary Roman Republic exist?
The Revolutionary Roman Republic is dated to 1799 CE – 1799 CE, in the Industrial era.
What was the capital of the Revolutionary Roman Republic?
The capital of the Revolutionary Roman Republic was Rome.
How large was the Revolutionary Roman Republic at its peak?
At its peak in 1799 the Revolutionary Roman Republic covered about 30,084 km².
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