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YearMaps
Bronze Age Civilizations2200 BCE – 2001 BCEPeak: 74,524 km² (2150 BCE)

Lower Egypt: Map & History

In ancient Egyptian history, the Old Kingdom is the period spanning c.

5.5
2200 BCEDrag timeline:2150 BCE2001 BCE
2200 BCE
2150 BCE
2100 BCE
2050 BCE
2001 BCE
Capital: MemphisPeak Extent: 74,524 km²Vector Attribution: Cliopatria (CC BY 4.0)Wikidata: Q463871 ↗
W

Wikipedia Encyclopedic Compendium

Historiographical synthesis & structured realm registry

Wikipedia: Old Kingdom of Egypt
Old Kingdom of Egypt historical cartography
Period in ancient Egyptian history (c. 2686–2181 BC)

In ancient Egyptian history, the Old Kingdom is the period spanning c. 2700 – c. 2200 BC. It is also known as the "Age of the Pyramids" or the "Age of the Pyramid Builders", as it encompasses the reigns of the great pyramid-builders of the Fourth Dynasty, such as King Sneferu, under whom the art of pyramid-building was perfected, and the kings Khufu, Khafre and Menkaure, who commissioned the construction of the pyramids at Giza. Egypt attained its first sustained peak of civilization during the Old Kingdom, the first of three so-called "Kingdom" periods, which mark the high points of civilization in the lower Nile Valley.

Capital / Seat
Memphis
Common Languages
Ancient Egyptian
Historical Population
1.6 million
State Governance
Theocratic absolute monarchy
Historical Religion
Ancient Egyptian religion
Peak Territory
93,286 km²
Key Dynasts / Leaders
Djoser (first), Last king depends on the scholar, Neitiqerty Siptah (6th Dynasty) or Neferirkare (7th/8th Dynasty)
Preceded By
Early Dynastic Period of Egypt
Succeeded By
First Intermediate period
Content & infobox metadata adapted from Wikipedia (Old Kingdom of Egypt)

Modern Countries Once Part of Lower Egypt

At its mapped extent, Lower Egypt covered territory in 1 present-day country. The period shown is when the mapped borders include that country, and the note says how much of it.

States and Provinces

Derived by testing mapped cities against this polity's dated territorial polygons, so the list is indicative and follows the borders in the source dataset.

Lower Egypt in Depth

History

The first King of the Old Kingdom was Djoser (sometime between 2691 and 2625 BC) of the Third Dynasty, who ordered the construction of a pyramid (the Step Pyramid) in Memphis' necropolis, Saqqara. An important person during the reign of Djoser was his vizier, Imhotep.

It was in this era that formerly independent ancient Egyptian states became known as nomes, under the rule of the king. The former rulers were forced to assume the role of governors or otherwise work in tax collection. Egyptians in this era believed the king to be the incarnation of Horus, linking the human and spiritual worlds. Egyptian views on the nature of time during this period held that the universe worked in cycles, and the Pharaoh on earth worked to ensure the stability of those cycles.

Sections adapted from Wikipedia: Old Kingdom of Egypt (CC BY-SA 4.0).

Lower Egypt Timeline

Key historical inflections from foundation to peak territorial expansion

1 Epochs
Territorial Apex2150 BCE

Expansion to peak recorded area of 74,524 km² in 2150 BCE.

Lower Egypt: Frequently Asked Questions

When did Lower Egypt exist?

Lower Egypt is dated to 2200 BCE – 2001 BCE, in the Bronze Age Civilizations era.

What was the capital of Lower Egypt?

The capital of Lower Egypt was Memphis.

How large was Lower Egypt at its peak?

At its peak in 2150 BC Lower Egypt covered about 74,524 km².